Scientific References
Health Benefits of Antioxidants
There are many known health benefits of antioxidant intake. Some scientific examples include the following:
Cancer
The marked differences between carotenoids and retinoids: Methodological implications for biochemical epidemiology. Peto, R. (1983) Cancer Surveys 2:327-340.
[Abstract]
Vitamin C and cancer prevention: the epidemiologic evidence.
G Block American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, Vol 53, 270S-282S
DNA damage from micronutrient deficiencies is likely to be a major cause of cancer.
Ames, B. N., Mutat Res 475, 7-20
[Abstract]
What Is the Strength of the Evidence for Supplement Use for a Healthy Immune System? Gabriel Fernandes, Ph.D.
Intake of Vitamins E, C, and A and Risk of Lung Cancer The NHANES I Epidemiologic Followup Study. Lee-Chen Yong1, Charles C. Brown1, Arthur Schatzkin1, Connie M. Dresser1, Mary Jane Slesinski1, Christine S. Cox2 and Philip R. Taylor1
Prospective Study of Dietary Supplements, Macronutrients, Micronutrients, and Risk of Bladder Cancer in US Men. Dominique S. Michaud, Donna Spiegelman, Steven K. Clinton, Eric B. Rimm, Walter C. Willett, and Edward Giovannucci
DIETARY POLYPHENOLS AND HEALTH: PROCEEDINGS OF THE 1ST INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON POLYPHENOLS AND HEALTH - Inhibition of carcinogenesis by polyphenols: evidence from laboratory investigations1,2,3,4
Joshua D Lambert, Jungil Hong, Guang-yu Yang, Jie Liao and Chung S Yang
American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, Vol. 81, No. 1, 284S-291S, January 2005
Heart Disease
Vitamin E and vitamin C supplement use and risk of all-cause and coronary heart disease mortality in older persons: the Established Populations for Epidemiologic Studies of the Elderly., KG Losonczy, TB Harris and RJ Havlik, American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, Vol 64, 190-196
Lower ischemic heart disease incidence and mortality among vitamin supplement users, F Meyer, I Bairati, GR Dagenais, Can J Cardiol October 1996, Volume 12 Issue 10: 930-934
Vitamin E Consumption and the Risk of Coronary Disease in Women, Meir J. Stampfer, Charles H. Hennekens, JoAnn E. Manson, Graham A. Colditz, Bernard Rosner, and Walter C. Willett; N Engl J Med 1993; 328:1444-1449
Vitamin C and risk of coronary heart disease in women. Osganian SK, Stampfer MJ, Rimm E, et al.; J Am Coll Cardiol 2003;42:246-52.
Polyphenols and disease risk in epidemiologic studies, Arts and Hollman;
Am J Clin Nutr 2005;81:317S-325S.
The Effect of Fruit and Vegetable Intake on Risk for Coronary Heart Disease,
Kaumudi J. Joshipura, ScD; Frank B. Hu, MD; JoAnn E. Manson, MD; Meir J. Stampfer, MD; Eric B. Rimm, ScD; Frank E. Speizer, MD; Graham Colditz, MD; Alberto Ascherio, MD; Bernard Rosner, PhD; Donna Spiegelman, ScD; and Walter C. Willett, MD
Ann Intern Med 2001 Jun 19;134(12):1106-14
Other Chronic Diseases
Long-term intake of vitamins and carotenoids and odds of early age-related cortical and posterior subcapsular lens opacities. Taylor A, Jacques PF, Chylack LT Jr, et al.
Am J Clin Nutr 2002; 75: 540-9.
Long-term nutrient intake and early age-related nuclear lens opacities
Jacques PF, Chylack LTJ, Hankinson SE, et al.
Arch Ophthalmol 2001; 119: 1009-19.
AgeRelated Eye Disease Study Research Group. A randomized, placebocontrolled clinical trial of high dose supplementation with vitamins C and E, betacarotene and zinc for agerelated macular degeneration and vision loss: AREDS report no. 8.
Arch Ophthalmol 2001;119:141736.
Flavonoid intake and risk of chronic diseases1,2
Paul Knekt, Jorma Kumpulainen, Ritva Järvinen, Harri Rissanen, Markku Heliövaara, Antti Reunanen, Timo Hakulinen and Arpo Aromaa
American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, Vol. 76, No. 3, 560-568, September 2002
The Relation of Serum Levels of Antioxidant Vitamins C and E, Retinol and Carotenoids with Pulmonary Function in the General Population
HOLGER J. SCHÜNEMANN, BRYDON J. B. GRANT, JO L. FREUDENHEIM, PAOLA MUTI, RICHARD W. BROWNE, JULIE A. DRAKE, ROBERT A. KLOCKE, and MAURIZIO TREVISAN; Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., Volume 163, Number 5, April 2001, 1246-1255
A Controlled Trial of Selegiline, Alpha-Tocopherol, or Both as Treatment for Alzheimer's Disease; Mary Sano, Ph.D., Christopher Ernesto, M.S., Ronald G. Thomas, Ph.D., Melville R. Klauber, Ph.D., Kimberly Schafer, M.S., Michael Grundman, M.D., M.P.H., Peter Woodbury, John Growdon, M.D., Carl W. Cotman, Ph.D., Eric Pfeiffer, M.D., Lon S. Schneider, M.D., and Leon J. Thal, M.D. for the Members of the Alzheimer's Disease Cooperative Study; N Engl J Med 1997; 336:1216-1222 April 24, 1997
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Related pages on this site:
- Antioxidant vitamins and phytochemicals in: Most commonly used supplements, their nature, functions and roles.
Selected Books
by Richard BéliveauThis stunning bestseller, from Richard Béliveau, professor at the Faculty of Medicine of the University of Montreal and a leading figure in cancer prevention and treatment, is a must-read for anyone wishing to improve their health.
